Nancy Pelosi is an American politician who served as the 52nd Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives from 2007 to 2011 and again from 2019 to 2023, making her the first woman to hold the position. She currently serves as a member of the House, representing California’s 11th congressional district, and recently announced that she will retire from the House in January 2027, at the end of her current term.
Early Life and Education
Born on March 26, 1940, in Baltimore, Maryland, Nancy Patricia D’Alesandro Pelosi grew up in a politically active family; her father served as a congressman and mayor of Baltimore. She earned a Bachelor of Arts in political science from Trinity College in Washington, D.C., in 1962.
Entry into Politics and Rise to Leadership
After moving to San Francisco, Pelosi became involved in the Democratic Party while raising her children. She chaired the California Democratic Party from 1981 to 1983. Pelosi was first elected to the House of Representatives in 1987 and became known for her advocacy regarding the HIV/AIDS epidemic. She rose through leadership positions, serving as House Minority Whip (2001–2003) and House Minority Leader (2003–2007), becoming the first woman to lead a major party in either chamber.
Speakership and Major Achievements
Pelosi’s time as Speaker included two periods:
- First Speakership (2007-2011): She played a key role in passing significant legislation during the Obama administration, such as the Affordable Care Act.
- Second Speakership (2019-2023): Pelosi returned as Speaker, overseeing impeachments of President Trump and the passage of major bills under the Biden administration.
Retirement
After stepping down from leadership following the 2022 elections, Pelosi remained in Congress. In November 2025, she announced her retirement at the end of her term in January 2027, concluding a nearly 40-year career in the House. She received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2024.
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